Start Anxiety State and Its Relationship to Some Physiological Changes and the Concentration Level of Norepinephrine Hormone in the Blood of Karate Players | ||
| Journal of Applied Sports Science | ||
| Article 8, Volume 2, Issue 2, July 2012, Pages 93-104 PDF (536.35 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jass.2012.84946 | ||
| Author | ||
| Hala Moustafa Ibrahim | ||
| Faculty of Physical Education for Girls, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt | ||
| Abstract | ||
| This study aims at identifying the relationship between the start anxiety state and some physiological variables (pulse rate per minute – breath rate per minute) and the concentration level of the Norepinephrine hormone in the blood of some karate players. The descriptive method was used. The study was conducted on an intentional samples of karate players participating in the university karate competition 2009/2010. The sample included 6 players. The modified version of the competitive state anxiety Inventory-2 (Martens et al.) (CSAI-2) was utilized. The physiological measurements included measuring the pulse rate per minute, the breath rate per minute and the concentration level of Norepinephrine hormone in blood. The first measurement was conducted 3 weeks before the competition whereas the second, was conducted 1 hour before the first match. Results were (1) There was an increase in the intensity of cognitive and somatic anxiety of karate players 1 hour before the competition, and a decrease of cognitive, somatic anxiety directions 1 hour before competition; (2) There was an increase in the breath rate, pulse rate and the Norepinephrine hormone secretion in blood 1 hour before competition, with the amount released twice as high as in the normal condition 3 weeks before competition; (3) There was no relationship between the dimensions of the competitive state anxiety and the physiological variables and the rate of the Norepinephrine hormone secretion in blood . The important conclusions were (1) Self-confidence of karate players decreased 1 hour before competition (2) Intensity of cognitive anxiety was higher than intensity of physical anxiety in karate players 1 hour before competition. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Anxiety State; Physiological Changes; Norepinephrine Hormone in the Blood; Karate Players | ||
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