THE EFFECT OF JOJOBA OIL–DIESEL FUEL BLENDS ON COMBUSTION AND EXHAUST GASES EMISSIONS FOR TRACTOR DIESEL ENGINES | ||
| Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering | ||
| Article 4, Volume 34, Issue 4, October 2017, Pages 1563-1580 PDF (610.58 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mjae.2017.95827 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Samy M. Younis1; Mohamed S. Omran Omran2; Mahdy S. Mahdy3 | ||
| 1Prof., Ag. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Cairo Univ., Egypt. | ||
| 2Assoc. Prof., Ag. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Cairo Univ., Egypt. | ||
| 3Demonstrator, Ag. Eng. Dept., Fac. of Ag., Cairo Univ., Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Experiments were designed to study the effect of blends of jojoba oil with diesel fuel on tractor emission characters. Exhaust gases emission tests were conducted for agricultural tractor running on the 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80% jojoba-diesel fuels as compared to pure petroleum diesel fuel under typical field tillage operation at different forward speeds (1.75 , 2.60 and 4.85 km/h). The chemical analysis of Jojoba oil revealed that it contains law carbon atoms and oxygen atoms in its chemical structure, so it produced complete combustion and decreased the emitted toxic gases which lower environmental pollution because it is an oxidizing agent. The increase in jojoba oil blended ratio more than 20% leads to increase fuel viscosity which decreases the engine power and incomplete combustion which leads to increase environmental pollution. The utilization of jojoba-diesel blend 20% (J20) gave significant reduction in total hydrocarbon (THC), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), Sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogenous oxides (NOx) gases emissions, which have positive effect on environment. Using jojoba oil blend 20% (J20) improved the combustion efficiency to 80% at tractor forward speeds, which gave better performance of the tractor engine and decreased emission of toxic gases. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Jojoba oil; Diesel engines; Alternative fuel; Exhaust emissions | ||
| References | ||
|
Agarwal, A. K. (2007). Biofuels (alcohols and biodiesel) applications as fuels for internal combustion engines. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 33: 233–271.
Agarwal, D. and Agarwal, A. K. (2007). Performance and emissions characteristics of Jatropha oil (preheated and blends) in a direct injection compression ignition engine. Applied Thermal Engineering, 27:2314–2323.
Agarwal, D.; Kumar, L. and Agarwal, A. K. (2008). Performance evaluation of a vegetable oil fuelled compression ignition engine. Renewable Energy, 33:1147–1156.
Alton, R.; Cetinkaya, S. and Yucesu, H. S. (2001). The potential of using vegetable oil fuels as fuel for diesel engines. Energy Conversion and Management, 42:529-538.
ASTM. (2008). American Society for Testing and Materials. International Standards Worldwide. (accessed at 31/03/09).
Demirbas, A. (2007). Importance of biodiesel as transportation fuel. Energy Policy, 35: 4661–4670.
Hebbal O. D., Vijaya Kumar Reddy K. and Rajagopal K. (2006). Performance characteristics of a diesel engine with Deccan Hemp oil. Fuel.(42), 45 - 52 .
Heilweil, I. J. (1988). Review of lubricant properties of jojoba oil and its derivatives. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 65(1):32–3.
Herchel, T. M.; Matsumoto,Y.; Ohkawara, C.; Shiga, S.; Karasawa, T. and Nakamura, H. (2001). The effect of coconut oil and diesel fuel blends on diesel engine performance. JSAE Review, 22:349-355.
INP (Institute of National Planning). (2008). Annual report: Egyptian economy 2006/2007. Cairo, Egypt, 65p.
Martyr, A J. and Plint, M A. (2007). Engine testing: Theory and Practice. Linacre House, Oxford, 442 p.
Peterson, C. L.; Wagner, G. L. and Auld, D. L. (1983). Vegetable oil substitutes for diesel fuel. Transactions of the ASAE, 26(2): 322-327.
Peterson, C.L. (1986). Vegetable oil as a diesel fuel: status and research priorities. Transactions of the ASAE, 29(5):1413-1422.
Pramanik, K. (2003). Properties and use of jatropha curcas oil and diesel fuel blends in compression ignition engine. Renewable Energy, 28:239–248.
Ramadhas, A.S. ;Jayaraj, S. and Muraleedharan, C.(2004). Use of vegetable oils as I.C. engine fuels-A review. Renewable Energy, 29: 727–742.
Salem, A.E. (2000). Synthesis of extreme pressure petroleum additive from local jojoba oil. In: The 12th International Seminar, New Trends in Engine and Industrial Lubricants, Fuels, Chemicals and Additives, Cairo. Egypt. Cited by Huzayyin et al. (2004).
Tahir, A. R.; Lapp, H. M. and Buchanan, L. C. (1982). Sunflower oil as a fuel for compression ignition engines. Vegetable Oil Fuels: Proceedings of the International Conference on Plant and Vegetable Oils Fuels. St. Joseph, MI: ASAE, pp.82-91.
World Energy Outlook (2016). OECD / IEA, International Energy Agency 9 rue de la Fédération 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France. www.iea.org / Online bookshop | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 247 PDF Download: 331 |
||
