EFFECT OF USING SEWAGE SLUDGE AND SEWAGE EFFLUENT ON SOME SOIL PROPERTIES OF CALCAREOUS SOILS. | ||
| Journal of Soil Sciences and Agricultural Engineering | ||
| Article 11, Volume 32, Issue 8, August 2007, Pages 6943-6961 PDF (1.17 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jssae.2007.201345 | ||
| Authors | ||
| M.M. Kamel; A.A. Abd El-Hady | ||
| Soils Dep., Fac. of Agric., Cairo Univ. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| The area under investigation located in Ghmaza El-Kobrra South Helwan, and started reclaimed in 1985, using sewage sludge and sewage effluent to improve the soil properties. For this wedge, 25 profiles are representative four periods of treatment with sewage sludge and effluent as the following, first group 20 years, second group 15 years, third group 5 years and the fourth group zero years (virgin soils). The studies revealed that the morphological features changed from first group, to fourth group which clear from developing the morphological features as (colour, texture, structure, consistence, roots, boundary), The first group more developed than the second, third and fourth, respectively. The physical properties as texture, Bd, Rd, Aw, Sp are changed from the first to the fourth group. The changes in the physical properties could be refered to the effect of using sewage sludge and sewage effluent. The chemical properties such as pH, O.M %, CaCO3 , EC, CEC and gypsum content were changed with the period of application of sewage sludge and sewage effluent. It is clear that the effect of using sewage sludge and effluent on the chemical properties of the soils. The soil fertility, such as macronutrients (NPK) in the first, second and third groups are higher than the critical levels of NPK, while macronutrients (NPK)) in the virgin soil lower than the critical levels of NPK. The total content and bio-available heavy metals are higher in the treated soils than in the virgin soils. The value of the heavy metals is high in the first group and decreases in the second and third group. Two effects of using sewage sludge and effluent were obtained, the first effect which clear in improving the physical, chemical, and fertility properties of the soils, and the second effect which clear in increasing the content of heavy metals. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Sewage sludge - Sewage effluent; Calcareous soil- Soil properties; Heavy metal- Morphological features | ||
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