The Effect of Education and Economic Activity on Sex Differentials in Employment in Egypt | ||
| المجلة المصرية للسکان وتنظيم الأسرة | ||
| Volume 26, Issue 1, June 1992, Pages 42-65 | ||
| Document Type: المقالة الأصلية | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/mskas.1992.303595 | ||
| Abstract | ||
| This study has attempted to describe and analyze the spatial distribution of employment differentials by sex and location with particular emphasis on the quantification of the importance of the effect of spatial differentials in education and in economic activities on the sex-location specific employment level. Utilizing the decomposable property of a Chi-square test statistics we have been able to assess the relative contribution of differences in employment proportions between and within the different sex-location specific groups to the significance of differences among the complete set of the proportions. Next, we have examined how the relationship between sex-location and employment changes when other factors are controlled, by estimating several regressions, one for each sex-location group. We first estimated a regression that includes only an indicator for whether the observation belongs to the specific group in question. We then added two set of employment covariates to assess their effect on employment differentials between the given sex-location group and the rest of Egypt. The two sets represent a pre-selected variables that describe levels of - 65 - education and type of economic activities prevailing in different spatial areas in Egypt. A final regression combined these two sets of factors to examine the full impact of controlling them on the size and significance of the employment differentials between the sex-location specific group and the rest of Egypt. There is a considerable spatial variability in employment in Egypt and the observed pattern suggests clear links between this variation and levels of education and types of economic activities. This link between employment and its covariates was shown to be sex-specific with larger differentials within urban areas. The results in this paper have produced evidence that regional differences in the level of employment exists beyond those which can be attributed to differences in levels of determinants. A fuller examination of this finding demands a micro-level analysis with an explicit consideration of non-labor market factors. This is a subject for future research. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Education; Employment; Egypt | ||
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