Recent Advances in Iron, Manganese and Ammonia Removal from Brackish Groundwater Using Membranes | ||
| Port-Said Engineering Research Journal | ||
| Article 5, Volume 28, Issue 2, 2024, Pages 42-48 PDF (280.59 K) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/pserj.2024.253459.1295 | ||
| Author | ||
| Rania Ramadan* | ||
| Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Department, Engineering Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| In the coming decades, there will be a significant issue with the availability of drinkable water as a result of population growth, present consumption patternsand climate change. This issue will have a similar social impact to rising energy prices. By far the most prevalent and easily accessible source of freshwater is groundwater, which is then followed by lakes, reservoirs, rivers, and wetlands. But it contains low concentrations of chemical or microbial contaminants. Simultaneously; Ferrous iron (Fe2+), manganese (Mn2+), and ammonia (NH4+) are always present at the same time in the majority of anaerobic groundwater sources, due to natural processes and anthropogenic activities, posing a serious threat to the safety of drinking water supplies. Excessive levels of Fe2+ and Mn2+ in water supplies lead to problems, such as undesirable taste, brown colour, pipeline clogs, and a risk to the public's health owing to possible nervous system damage. Consuming high levels of NH4+ is also linked to major health hazards for people, including ionic balance disruption in cells that could cause convulsions. Additionally, the transformation of NH4+ into cancer-causing trihalomethanes and organochlorines is possible. in order to solve these issues, Various techniques have been developed to remove Fe2+, Mn2+, and NH4+ from drinking water sources. This study focuses on the use of an ultrafiltration membrane as a pretreatment for a reverse osmosis membrane to treat brackish groundwater. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Brackish water; UF pretreatment; Iron-manganese removal; ammonia removal | ||
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