Rashwan, D., Fathy El-Rahmawy, G. (2013). Multimodal analgesia after upper limb orthopedic surgeries: Patient controlled intravenous low dose tramadol analgesia with or without intravenous acetaminophen – A comparative study. test, 29(3), 231-234. doi: 10.1016/j.egja.2013.01.005
Doaa Rashwan; Ghada Fathy El-Rahmawy. "Multimodal analgesia after upper limb orthopedic surgeries: Patient controlled intravenous low dose tramadol analgesia with or without intravenous acetaminophen – A comparative study". test, 29, 3, 2013, 231-234. doi: 10.1016/j.egja.2013.01.005
Rashwan, D., Fathy El-Rahmawy, G. (2013). 'Multimodal analgesia after upper limb orthopedic surgeries: Patient controlled intravenous low dose tramadol analgesia with or without intravenous acetaminophen – A comparative study', test, 29(3), pp. 231-234. doi: 10.1016/j.egja.2013.01.005
Rashwan, D., Fathy El-Rahmawy, G. Multimodal analgesia after upper limb orthopedic surgeries: Patient controlled intravenous low dose tramadol analgesia with or without intravenous acetaminophen – A comparative study. test, 2013; 29(3): 231-234. doi: 10.1016/j.egja.2013.01.005

Multimodal analgesia after upper limb orthopedic surgeries: Patient controlled intravenous low dose tramadol analgesia with or without intravenous acetaminophen – A comparative study

Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia
Volume 29, Issue 3, July 2013, Pages 231-234    PDF (482.28 K)
DOI: 10.1016/j.egja.2013.01.005
Authors
Doaa Rashwan; Ghada Fathy El-Rahmawy
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of addition of acetaminophen to a low dose tramadol patient controlled intravenous analgesia after unilateral upper limb orthopedic surgeries under general anesthesia.
Methods
120 Adult patients ASA I and II undergoing unilateral upper limb orthopedic surgeries under general anesthesia were randomly allocated into two groups:

Results
Volume of tramadol (mg) consumed, severity of postoperative pain at rest using VAS 24 h were statistically significantly higher in group T, postoperative systolic , diastolic arterial blood pressure and heart rate, adverse events showed no statistical significant differences between the two groups, patient satisfaction was more in group TA.
Conclusion
The addition of acetaminophen to a low dose tramadol iv PCA as a multimodal analgesic approach provided satisfactory pain control than tramadol iv PCA alone after unilateral upper limb orthopedic surgeries under general anesthesia.
Keywords
tramadol; PCA; acetaminophen; PONV
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