AN ECONOMIC STUDY OF MOST IMPORTANT AGRICULTURAL EGYPTIAN EXPORTS(In Arabic) | ||
| Journal of Productivity and Development | ||
| Article 8, Volume 29, Issue 4, October 2024, Pages 331-356 PDF (1.85 M) | ||
| Document Type: Original Article | ||
| DOI: 10.21608/jpd.2024.392673 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Tasneem Alaa; Ibrahim Ismail* ; Fekry Shalaby | ||
| Agricultural Economics Department, Faculty of Technology & Development, Zagazig University, Egypt. | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Exporting is considered one of the essential Foundation which support the Egyptian economy, being a key factor in providing foreign currency and increasing the economy. The study's problem lies in the agricultural trade deficit, which amounted to approximately $6.3 billion during the period 2000 to 2021. The research examined the evolution of both overall and agricultural foreign trade in Egypt during this timeframe, analyzing the contribution of agricultural exports and imports to total exports and imports. It also calculated the relative importance of Egypt's most significant agricultural exports and tracked the volume and value of key agricultural crops (potatoes, onions, oranges, grapes, strawberries, and rice), along with their geographical distribution across major international markets during the period from 2000 to 2022. The Following are the study results: The total value of Egyptian exports in 2021 was around $43 billion, while agricultural exports amounted to $6 billion, representing about 14.8% of the total exports in that year. Egyptian agricultural imports significantly exceeded exports during the same period, greatly impacting the agricultural trade balance, which averaged $6.4 billion from 2000 to 2021. The highest contribution of Egyptian agricultural trade to total commodity trade during the study period was around 23.9% in 2012, while the lowest contribution was approximately 16.2% in 2008. Oranges are among Egypt's most important fruit exports, accounting for 9.4% of total export value on average during the period from 2000 to 2021. Potatoes follow as a crucial export vegetable, contributing 5.1% of total export value on average, enhancing Egypt’s competitive stance in international markets. Rice is also a vital export crop, representing 20.3% of total export value during the same timeframe. Grapes, strawberries, and onions have relative significance, contributing 3%, 1.2%, and 3.5% of total export value, respectively, on average during the study period. The amount and value of Egyptian orange exports decreased by approximately 1.6% and 15.2%, respectively, over the study period. In contrast, the volume of strawberry exports increased by 12.9%, though their value decreased by 27.9%. The Amount and value of Egyptian grape exports declined by around 15.1% and 17.4%, respectively, while both the volume and value of potato exports increased by 38.1% and 11.8% on average during the same period. For onions, the amount and value saw increases of 40% and 1.93%, respectively. On the other hand, the amount of rice exports decreased by 9.4%, though their value surged by 192%. The main importers of Egyptian oranges were Saudi Arabia, Russia, and the Netherlands, with respective import shares of 17.1%, 22.3%, and 10% on average from 2018 to 2022. The leading importers of Egyptian strawberries were the UK, Saudi Arabia, and Belgium, with respective import shares of 26.4%, 16%, and 16.9% during the same period. The UK, the Netherlands, and Germany were the top importers of Egyptian grapes, with respective shares of 22.4%, 21.3%, and 23.9%. Russia, Greece, and Lebanon were the main importers of Egyptian potatoes, with shares of 41.6%, 14.1%, and 8.1%, respectively. The top importers of Egyptian onions were Saudi Arabia, the UK, and the Netherlands, with shares of 34.2%, 17.3%, and 14.3%. About Egyptian rice, the leading importers were India, Thailand, and Pakistan, with respective shares of 39.5%, 18.9%, and 10.5% during the same period. Conclusively, from theses results it could concluded that as follows: 1. It is essential to maintain Egypt's export position for oranges, potatoes, and rice in key markets, with attention to organizing the crop display in economic markets. 2. Efforts should be made to open new markets for the studied crops by focusing on quality standards and understanding consumer preferences. 3. Producers need to be informed about the required varieties, technical processes, and post-harvest treatments sought by importers to enhance export quantities of these crops. 4. Timely, detailed information should be provided to production and export groups to advance production and export efforts. 5. Conduct studies of foreign markets concerning export timelines, pricing, and quality levels. 6. Emphasize high-quality standards that meet specifications. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Exports; Oranges; Grape; Strawberry; Potatoes; Onions; rice | ||
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